What exactly is type 1 diabetes?
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EmailLearn basics facts about type 1 diabetes and how to manage it.
According to Breakthrough T1D (formerly known as the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation), type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease that occurs when a person’s pancreas stops producing insulin because the body destroys its own cells that produce insulin. Insulin is a hormone that controls blood glucose levels by allowing glucose into the cells to be used (glucose = sugar). When insulin is not present, the glucose stays in the blood and builds up while the cells starve from the lack of glucose. If left untreated, excess glucose in the blood can cause damage to the eyes, kidneys, nerves and heart. In some cases, untreated symptoms can lead to further complications including death.
It is not fully understood why people develop type 1 diabetes or why the body attacks its own cells, but researchers believe that genetics and environment play a major role.
Currently, there’s no cure for diabetes. However, diabetes is a disease that can be managed by balancing a combination of taking medication, eating healthy foods, being physical activity, monitoring blood sugar and getting regular medical checkups. This balance may help individuals with type 1 diabetes keep their blood glucose under control and reduce their risk of developing further complications. This balancing act will also tell individuals with type 1 diabetes how much insulin to take as it varies based on the previous factors and from person to person.
Michigan State University Extension offers workshops for people with type 1 diabetes and the people who support them. Diabetes PATH is a self-management workshop that introduces participants to tools they can use to manage diabetes. Mindfulness Pebbles is another program that offers attendees ways to live in the moment, reduce stress and improve relationships. Tai Chi for Better SLEEP provides the opportunity for adults to engage in a multi-week physical activity program with the added benefit of learning ways to improve their sleep. Many other health programs are offered on various topics. The programs are free and open to all adults in Michigan.
For more information on diabetes or making healthy lifestyle changes, please visit Michigan State University Extension’s health referral form.
